By Adam Brown
WKTV Contributor
John Ball Zoo has recently stepped up its conservation efforts concerning local endangered populations. This time, the species in question is the critically endangered Poweshiek skipperling butterfly.
To the untrained eye, the skipperling may resemble a small, brown moth. In reality, it’s one of the most at-risk butterfly species. That’s where John Ball’s conservation efforts come in. Off the main path in an area inaccessible to the public, the zoo raises caterpillars in their Poweshiek Skipperling Hoop House.
The enclosures within hold the zoo’s supply of caterpillars, with the ultimate goal of preserving them and preventing extinction, per Michigan State University’s Haddad Lab Research Assistant David Pavlik. In fact, much of the butterfly’s life cycle is spent in the caterpillar stage, only becoming a butterfly for a few-week period in early summer.
Why Is This Important?
“Michigan is the last place in the United States where Poweshiek skipperling currently exist. The Poweshiek skipperling used to be one of the most abundant butterflies in the Midwest. In the early 2000s, populations started crashing to the point where it’s really close to the brink of extinction,” Pavlik noted on the necessity of such a conservation initiative.
Skipperlings naturally reside in habitats known as prairie fens, which also house additional threatened species. This gives John Ball hope that their conservation efforts may be expanded to help the many other threatened wildlife that call the Great Lakes State home.
What Can the Public Do?
While not currently open to the public, there are ample opportunities for zoogoers to get involved. Every donation to John Ball’s conservation fund or visit to the zoo itself lends a helping hand to these desperately needed programs, Pavlik added. Due to the overall rarity of the skipperling, there are few opportunities for the public to directly connect with the species via hands-on contact. One remedy the zoo is undertaking to strengthen public involvement is the Habitat Hero program.
“Our Habitat Hero program is a community science effort to get more pollinator plants into communities here in West Grand Rapids,” added Bill Flanagan, John Ball’s Conservation Manager. The program is not just limited to the skipperling. Flanagan noted that the program hopes to expand relief efforts for other local pollinators in the area, such as songbirds or monarch butterflies.
Since the project is closed off to the public, spreading awareness is a top priority since the skipperling is not a well known butterfly. One primary talking point is that species extinction is not limited to faraway places like the jungles and rainforest, it can happen even in our own backyard, Pavlik emphasized. Those who have been involved with the project firsthand have been very supportive, and John Ball hopes that support will grow as knowledge about the mission spreads.
Though the zoo’s current skipperling project is localized, it has the potential to lead to so much more.
“What we do right here in Michigan can have an impact on the biodiversity of the planet,” Flanagan added. Protecting habitats and supporting the zoo’s undertaking quite literally saves species.
Collaboration and the Future
A project of this scope cannot be undertaken alone, and the zoo partners with several other agencies and zoos around the country to bring their operation to life. John Ball is a member of the Poweshiek Skipperling International Partnership, which coordinates common relief efforts throughout the U.S. and Canada. They work with the Department of Natural Resources and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, which provides much of the major funding for the project through the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative. The Michigan Natural Features Inventory performs land surveys, while local land managers work to preserve what remains of the skipperling’s habitat.
500 Poweshiek skipperlings released this year
This year has been by and large the most successful for the initiative, with 500 Poweshiek skipperlings released into the wild and a further 1,800 caterpillars currently residing at the zoo. In addition to the skipperling, John Ball has recently begun similar preservation efforts with the Mitchell’s satyr, another federally endangered butterfly.
The zoo’s released butterflies have been observed breeding in the wild and helping to grow the population rate. Pavlik hopes that the number of caterpillars and butterflies increases every year until the species can be pulled back from the edge of extinction.
Flanagan emphasized how easy it is to slip into hopelessness due to the precarious state of the skipperling’s population. However, physically observing the success of reintroduction in the wild reminds them all of the good that can come from conservation.
